/ Design Patterns / Behavioral patterns / Memento

Memento Design Pattern in Java

class Memento {
    private String state;

    public Memento(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
}

class Originator {
    private String state;
   /* lots of memory consumptive private data that is not necessary to define the
    * state and should thus not be saved. Hence the small memento object. */

    public void setState(String state) {
        System.out.println("Originator: Setting state to " + state);
        this.state = state;
    }

    public Memento save() {
        System.out.println("Originator: Saving to Memento.");
        return new Memento(state);
    }
    public void restore(Memento m) {
        state = m.getState();
        System.out.println("Originator: State after restoring from Memento: " + state);
    }
}

class Caretaker {
    private ArrayList<Memento> mementos = new ArrayList<>();

    public void addMemento(Memento m) {
        mementos.add(m);
    }

    public Memento getMemento() {
        return mementos.get(1);
    }
}

public class MementoDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Caretaker caretaker = new Caretaker();
        Originator originator = new Originator();
        originator.setState("State1");
        originator.setState("State2");
        caretaker.addMemento( originator.save() );
        originator.setState("State3");
        caretaker.addMemento( originator.save() );
        originator.setState("State4");
        originator.restore( caretaker.getMemento() );
    }
}

Output

Originator: Setting state to State1
Originator: Setting state to State2
Originator: Saving to Memento.
Originator: Setting state to State3
Originator: Saving to Memento.
Originator: Setting state to State4
Originator: State after restoring from Memento: State3

Code examples

Java Memento in Java
C++ Memento in C++
PHP Memento in PHP
Delphi Memento in Delphi Memento in Delphi
Python Memento in Python